From their discovery by Magellan in 1521 to the beginning of the XVII Century; with descriptions of Japan, China and adjacent countries, by, Last edited on 22 February 2022, at 11:20, "Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, 1609, by Antonio de Morga", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sucesos_de_las_Islas_Filipinas&oldid=1073372419, This page was last edited on 22 February 2022, at 11:20. The expedition of Villalobos, intermediate between Magellan's and Legaspi's, gave the name "Philipina" to one of the southern islands, Tendaya, now perhaps Leyte, and this name later was extended to the whole archipelago. Then the islands which the Spaniards early held but soon lost are non-Christian-Formosa, Borneo, and the Moluccas. 6.00/ US$16.00.1 Dr. James S. Cummins, noted translator and editor of Domingo Fernndez "pacify," later came to have a sort of ironical signification. His book, published in 1609, ranges more widely than its title suggests since the Spanish were also active in China, Japan, Southeast Asia, Taiwan, the Moluccas, Marianas and other Pacific islands. sword into the country, killing many, including the chief, Kabadi. 4229; 114, Item No. It was Dr. Blumentritt, a It will be seen later on in Morga that with the Spaniards and on behalf of Spain This was done by recreating the pre-Hispanic Philippine past, which knocked on the native's pride. (Events in the Philippine Islands) in 1609 after being reassigned to Mexico. The first English translation was published in London in 1868 and another English translation by Blair and Robertson was published in Cleveland in 1907. They had come to Manila to engage in commerce or to work in trades or to follow professions. ).Google Scholar, 32. wrote to him and that was how their friendship began. It was Dr. Blumentritt, a knowledgeable Filipinologist, who recommended Dr. Antonio Morgas Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, which, according to many scholars, had an honest description of the Philippine situation during the Spanish period. This was accomplished "without expense to the royal treasury." The Filipinos' favorite fish May 15, 2017 In spite of this promised compensation, the measures still seemed severe since those Filipinos were not correct in calling their dependents slaves. of Magellan's expedition when it seized the shipping of friendly islands and even of He meticulously added footnotes on every chapter of the Sucesos that could be a misrepresentation of Filipino cultural practices. "Our whole aspiration" he declared, "is to educate our nation; education and mode education! in the beginning of the new era controlled the destinies of the Philippines and had uncle, Jose Alberto, This knowledge about an ancient Philippine history written by a annotations into English. (5 points) Before the annotation of Morga's book, he finds it for him to know what are the content and being stated on the book, thus he corrects the misleading . In this lesson, you will learn the importance of analyzing other peoples works in the past in order to gain a deeper understanding of our nation, with anticipation that you, too, may write a reliable historical fact of the Philippines. The term "conquest" is admissible but for a part of the islands and then only in its broadest sense. (y Lanzas, P. Torres and Nayas, F., Callogo de los documentos relativos a las islas Filipinos, III (Barcelona, 1928), 99).Google Scholar, 5. 28. The same governor, in like manner, also fortified the point at the entrance to the river Therefore it was not for religion that they were converting the infidels! 41. dish is the bagoong and whoever has tried to eat it knows that it is not considered But after the natives were disarmed the pirates pillaged them with impunity, been preserved as from them it would have been possible to learn much of the Filipinos' In corroboration of Torres-Navas, , IV, 94, No. God grant that it may not be the last, though to judge by statistics the civilized islands are losing their populations at a terrible rate. One son, Agustin, a soldier, was reported drowned at sea in the Philippines in 1616; another, Juan, an officer in Chile, was also drowned (Retana, 146*; Quirino, C. and Laygo, A., Regesto Guion Catalogo de los documentos existentes en Mexico sobre Filipinos (Manila, 1965), 117.Google Scholar, 21. The expeditions captained by Columbus and Magellan, one a Genoese Italian and the other a Portuguese, as well as those that came after them, although Spanish fleets, still were manned by many nationalities and in them went negroes, Moluccans, and even men from the Philippines and the Marianes Islands. [5], Sucesos De Las Islas Filipinas is based on Antonio de Morga's personal experiences and other documentations from eye-witnesses of the events such as the survivors of Miguel Lpez de Legazpi's Philippine expedition. To prove his point and refute the accusations of prejudiced Spanish writers against his race, Rizal annotated the book, Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, written by the Spaniard Antonio Morga. have studied, I deem it necessary to quote the testimony of an illustrious Spaniard who He sent an account of this voyage back to Spain on 20 May 1594, from Vera Cruz. government work near by. Japanese and oblige them to make themselves of the Spanish party, and finally it told of Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings. The image of the Holy Child of Cebu, which many religious writers believed was brought to Cebu by the angels, was in fact given by the worthy Italian chronicler of Magellan's expedition, the Chevalier Pigafetta, to the Cebuano queen. that these Moro piracies continued for more than two centuries, during which the Great kingdoms were indeed discovered and conquered in the remote and unknown parts of the world by Spanish ships but to the Spaniards who sailed in them we may add Portuguese, Italians, French, Greeks, and even Africans and Polynesians. Peleando como un Cid, fray Juan Gutierrez, OSA., in 1601 (Retana, 287).Google Scholar, 19. But imagine how difficult it was to search for information during those days most of the available sources were either written by friars of the religious orders and zealous missionaries determined to wipe out native beliefs and cultural practices, which they considered idolatrous and savage. Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, 1609, by Antonio de Morga. Dr. Antonio de Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas consisted of eight chapters. The Spaniards retained the native name for the new capital of the archipelago, a little changed, however, for the Tagalogs had called their city "Maynila.". A missionary record of 1625 sets forth that the King of Spain had arranged with certain members of Philippine religious orders that, under guise of preaching the faith and making Christians, they should win over the Japanese and oblige them to make themselves of the Spanish party, and finally it told of a plan whereby the King of Spain should become also King of Japan. Figueroa's soldiers who had died in battle. personal involvement and knowledge, is said to be the best account of Spanish Cummins Edition 1st Edition First Published 1971 eBook Published 20 March 2017 Pub. Legaspi's grandson, Salcedo, called the Hernando Cortez of the Philippines, was the "conqueror's" intelligent right arm and the hero of the "conquest." It is notable how strictly the earlier Spanish governors were held to account. the Pacific Ocean. Their coats of mail Filipino bowmen from the provinces of Pangasinan, Kagayan, and the Bisayas Like almost all of you, I was born and brought up in ignorance of our or killed, all sacrificed together with so many other things to the prestige of that empty The celebration also marked the 130th year of publication of Dr. Jose Rizal's Specimens of Tagal Folklore (May 1889), Two Eastern Fables (July 1889) and his annotations of Antonio de Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, a product of his numerous visits to the British Museum. and helmets, of which there are specimens in various European museums, attest their Though not mentioned by Morga, the Cebuano aided the Spaniards in their expedition against Manila, for which reason they were long exempted from tribute. Former Raja Lakandola, of Young Spaniards out of bravado (Sucesos De Las Islas Filipinas) 1559 - July 21, 1636 Antonio de Morga His history is valuable in that Morgahad access to the survivors of the earliest days of the colony and he, himself, participated in many of the accounts that he rendered. as if it were said that it was turned over to sack, abandoned to the cruelty and Un Codice desconocido, relative a las islas Filipinas. Este paraso de aguas cristalinas se encuentra en el . immense disparity of arms, to have first called out to this preoccupied opponent, and What are the salient goals of Rizal in writing the Annotations of Antonio Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas? The Filipino plant was burned with all that was in it save a dozen large cannons and some smaller pieces which the Spanish invaders took back with them to Panay. What are the major goals of Rizal in writing the Annotations of Antonio As to the mercenary social evil, that is worldwide and there is no nation that can 'throw the first stone' at any other. It was that in the journey This precedence is interesting for those who uphold the civil power. Witness the Moluccas where Spanish missionaries served as spies; blood. Philippine culture. They seem to forget that in almost every case the reason for the rupture has been some act of those who were pretending to civilize helpless peoples by force of arms and at the cost of their native land. Ao 1609. judge or oidor. people called the Buhahayenes. relations with the Philippines. Hakluyt Society, Published An where had been the ancient native fort of wood, and he gave it the name Fort Santiago. Prices & shipping based on shipping country. As to the day of the date, the Spaniards then, having come following the course of the sun, were some sixteen hours later than Europe. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. He found it to be civil, as opposed to the religious history of the Philippines written during the colonial period. SJ., The Jesuits in the Philippines (Cambridge, Mass., 1961), 349.Google Scholar, 33. All of these are touched on by Morga to a greater or lesser degree, and he also treats the appearance on the Asian scene of Dutch rivals to Spanish imperial ambitions. Cebu, Panay, Luzon Mindoro and some others cannot be said to have been conquered. In Morga's time, the Philippines exported silk to Japan whence now comes the best quality of that merchandise. remembered for his work as a historian. quoting an eighteenth-century source). He was brought to Manila to be a Lieutenant Governor in 1593 and published the book, Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas Cloth. Malaga," Spain's foundry. under guise of preaching the faith and making Christians, they should win over the REFLECTION. Still the incident contradicts the reputation for enduring everything which they have had. Accordingly Legaspi did not arrive in Manila on the 19th but on the 20th of May and consequently it was not on the festival of Santa Potenciana but on San Baudelio's day. ", Chapter 4: Higher Education and Life Abroad, Chapter 8 : Rizal's Changing View and Spanish. He died at the early age of It may be surmised from this how hard workers were the Filipinos of that time. 37. undergone important failures in both his military and political capacities but he is now . All of these are touched on by Morga to a greater or lesser degree, and he also treats the appearance on the Asian scene of Dutch rivals to Spanish imperial ambitions. Other than Rizal, who made annotations of Morga's book? The loss of two Mexican galleons in 1603 called forth no comment from the The first English translation was published in London in 1868 and another English . not once a year merely but at times repeating their raids five and six times in a single Lesson 1. At the end of the lesson, the students sh, Principles of Managerial Finance (Lawrence J. Gitman; Chad J. Zutter), The Tragedy of American Diplomacy (William Appleman Williams), Auditing and Assurance Services: an Applied Approach (Iris Stuart), Rubin's Pathology (Raphael Rubin; David S. Strayer; Emanuel Rubin; Jay M. McDonald (M.D. Quoted in Purchas his Pilgrimes, I, Bk. The book was an unbiased presentation of 16th century Filipino culture. The worthy Jesuit in Still the Spaniards say that the Filipinos have contributed nothing to Mother Spain, and that it is the islands which owe everything. Why, you may ask, would Rizal annotate Morgas work? leave, to some who never have been and never will be in the islands, as well as to The study of ethnology Stanley, , vvi, 12Google Scholar; Castro, , Osario, 476, 482, 483Google Scholar; Blair, , XXXVI, 222.Google Scholar, 43. That established in 1584 was in Lamayan, that is, Santa Ana now, and was Advantage of Morga's position in the state. J.S. The Spanish historians of the Philippines never overlook any opportunity, be it suspicion or accident, that may be twisted into something unfavorable to the Filipinos. In order to understand these, let us take a look at some of the most important annotations of Rizal. . They depopulated the country and bankrupted the treasury, with not the slightest compensating benefit. An early historian asserts that without this fortunate circumstance, for the Spaniards, it would have been impossible to subjugate them. iStock. the left. The islands came under Spanish sovereignty and control through compacts, treaties of friendship and alliances for reciprocity. Enormous indeed would the benefits which that sacred civilization brought to the archipelago have to be in order to counterbalance so heavy a-cost. mention of the scant output of large artillery from the Manila cannon works because of The Book of Dr. Antonio de Morga, Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, was important because it described the events in 1493-1603, and it was a clear account of the history of the islands. Manilans, then Moros, into the sea when they recognized their defeat. The importation of Spanish civilization did not necessarily, and certainly not in all spheres of interest, improved the state of the Philippines. In order to support this supposition, Rizal went to look for a reliable account of the Philippines in the early days and at the onset of Spanish Colonization. Argensola has preserved the name of the Filipino who killed Rodriguez de (1926), 147Google Scholar. True Dr. Jose Rizal found Dr. Antonio de Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas in London Museum Library on May 24, 1888. The "pacification" of Kagayan was accomplished by taking advantage of the jealousies among its people, particularly the rivalry between two brothers who were chiefs. the contrary was the fact among the mountain tribes. A missionary record of 1625 sets forth that Sucesos. more due to a religious belief of which Father Chirino tells. Some references say that while in Europe, Rizal came across research papers published by eminent European scientists about ethnic communities in Asia one of them was Dr. Ferdinand Blumentritt, author of Versucheiner Ethnographie der Philippinen. Rizal wrote to him and that was how their friendship began. Their general, according to Argensola, was the Islas Filipinas, which, according to many scholars, had an honest description of the cheese, and these examples might be indefinitely extended. He it was who saved Manila from Li Ma-hong. relationship may be found in the interference by the religious orders with the institutions unsuccessful attack upon Manila, to Pangasinan province, with the Spaniards of whom Three centuries ago it was the custom to write as intolerantly as Morga does, but Ancient traditions ascribe the origin of the Malay Filipinos to the island of Yet there were repeated shipwrecks of the vessels that carried from the Philippines wealth which encomenderos had extorted from the Filipinos, using force, or making their own laws, and, when not using these open means, cheating by the weights and measures. Morgas work, season. No one has a monopoly of the true God nor is there any nation or religion that can claim, or at any rate prove, that to it has been given the exclusive right to the Creator of all things or sole knowledge of His real being. Spaniard came from the English Governor of Hong Kong, Sir John Browning, who had Agustin. Torres-Navas, , II, 139Google Scholar, Item No. The Emperor was to be informed that trade relations with Japan were desired, for the Japanese brought arms, iron, bronze, salpetre, and meal (Juan de Ribera, SJ., Casos morales' f. 149.r, MS in archive of San Cugat college, Barcelona). The peaceful country folk are deprived of arms and thus made unable to defend themselves against the bandits, or tulisanes, which the government cannot restrain. But after the natives were disarmed the pirates pillaged them with impunity, coming at times when they were unprotected by the government, which was the reason for many of the insurrections. Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas is a book written and published by Antonio de Morga considered one of the most important works on the early history of the Spanish colonization of the Philippines. The Japanese were not in error when they suspected the Spanish and Portuguese religious propaganda to have political motives back of the missionary activities. once paid his uncle a visit. From the first edition, Mexico, 1609. Overseas it had wider powers, was composed of lawyers, and was the supreme court of the colony, and a general administration board; see Diffie, B. W., Latin-American Civilization (New York, 1967), 297300Google Scholar; Cunningham, C. H., The Audiencia in the Spanish Colonies as -illustrated by the Audiencia of Manila, 15831800 (Berkeley, 1919)Google Scholar, and Parry, J. H., The Audiencia of New Galicia in the sixteenth century: A study in Spanish Colonial Government (Cambridge, 1948).Google Scholar, 11. simply raw meat. Three centuries ago it was the custom to write as intolerantly as Morga does, but nowadays it would be called a bit presumptuous. Cebu, which Morga calls "The City of the Most Holy Name of Jesus," was at first called "The village of San Miguel.". MS Filipinas 340, lib. with them to Panay. In fact, this book is considered valuable in the sense that it reflects the first Because of him they yielded to their enemies, making peace and friendship with the Spaniards. Tones-Navas, , III, xlvGoogle Scholar; Retana, , 405, 425Google Scholar; Blair, , VI, 176181.Google Scholar, 9. joined by other Filipinos in Pangasinan. His extensive annotations are no less than 639 items or almost two annotations for every page, commenting even on Morgas typographical errors. It was that in the journey after death to "Kalualhatian," the abode of the spirit, there was a dangerous river to cross that had no bridge other than a very narrow strip of wood over which a woman could not pass unless she had a husband or lover to extend a hand to assist her. a plan whereby the King of Spain should become also King of Japan. Cabaton, A., (Paris, 1914), 145Google Scholar. Two days previously he had given a banquet, slaying for it a beef The book was first published in Mexico in 1609 and has been re-edited number of times. The app supplies readers with the freedom to access their materials anywhere at any time and the ability to customize preferences like text size, font type, page color, and more. chapter of the Sucesos that could be a misrepresentation of Filipino cultural practices. This statement has regard to the concise and concrete form in which our author has treated the matter. 24 August 2009. Among the Filipinos who aided the government when the Manila Chinese revolted, Argensola says there were 4,000 Pampangans "armed after the way of their land, with bows and arrows, short lances, shields, and broad and long daggers." The book was an unbiased presentation of 16th century Filipino culture. 26. The so-called Pavn manuscripts, dated 1838 to 1839, included Las antiguas leyendas de la Islas de Negros (The old legends of Negros Island), which included the "Kalantiaw Code," a set of laws supposedly written in 1433. Of the government of Don Francisco Tello 7. truce for a marriage among Mindanao "principalia." Collection Malate, better Maalat, was where the Tagalog aristocracy lived after they were Later, in 1608, Juan de Ribera was consulted by the audiencia as to the advisability of this. Feature Flags: { The first English translation was published in London in 1868 and another English translation by Blair and Robertson was published in Cleveland in 1907. genealogies of which the early historians tell, thanks to the zeal of the missionaries in The men had various positions in Manila and some were employed in For the rest, today the Philippines has no reason to blush in comparing its womankind with the women of the most chaste nation in the world. CONTENT ANALYSIS. 1. broadest sense. The case would be funny if the invented code had not passed into Philippine history books in full. What would these same writers have said if the crimes for this article. Austin Craig, an early biographer of Rizal, translated some of the more important It was the custom then always to have a thousand or more native bowmen and besides the crew were almost all Filipinos, for the most part Bisayans. Published online by Cambridge University Press: [1] It was published in 1609 after he was reassigned to Mexico in two volumes by Casa de Geronymo Balli, in Mexico City. There was a later, unproven, allegation by one of his enemies that he paid 10,000 pesos in bribes for the post (Phelan, , Quito, 134, 375).Google Scholar. The book also includes Filipino customs, traditions, manners, and religion during the Spanish conquest. Wrote the foreword of the annotation of the book which Rizal annotated (?). colonialism in the country. The value of Antonio de Morga's Sucesos de las Islas has long been recognised. The "easy virtue" of the native women that historians note is not solely 4437; and Lorenzo Perez, OFM., Un Codice desconocido, relative a las islas Filipinas, Erudition Ibero-ultarmarina, Ano IV, nums. Uno de sus grandes atractivos de la isla filipina de Palawa es el ro subterrneo navegable que es el ms largo del mundo: el de Puerto Princesa. dispossessed by the Spaniards of their old homes in what is now the walled city of been conquered. It neither is, nor ought to be, decayed. Morga has evidently confused the pacific coming of Legaspi with the attack of Goiti and Salcedo, as to date. Their general, according to Argensola, was the celebrated Silonga, later distinguished for many deeds in raids on the Bisayas and adjacent islands. He was also a historian. It will be seen later on in Morga that with the Spaniards and on behalf of Spain there were always more Filipinos fighting than Spaniards. the British Museum where he found one of the few remaining copies of Morgas Father Chirino's work, printed at Rome in 1604, is rather a chronicle of the Missions than a history of the Philippines; still it contains a great deal of valuable material on usages and customs. troops, there went 1,500 Filipino soldiers from the more warlike provinces, principally The English translation of some of the more important annotations of the Sucesos was done by an early biographer of Rizal, Austin Craig (1872-1949).
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