The outgoing 15th century was marked by the sermons of Johann Geiler von Kaisersberg and by the emerging Protestant Reformation, represented in Strasbourg by figures such as John Calvin, Martin Bucer and Jacob Sturm von Sturmeck. The sacristy occupies the upper level over the chapel. two bells are from 1987 and 2006. [84], In 2004 the apse and choir received some of its historic furnishings; fifteen choir stalls made by Claude Burdy and Claude Bergerat in 1692, as well as a group of busts of the apostles originally placed there in the 18th century. After the war, it was returned to the cathedral by the Monuments, Fine Arts and Archives section of the United States military.[47]. At noon, a group of three mechanical kings would prostrate themselves before the infant Jesus, while the chimes of the clock sounded the hour. [56], The mid-level of the transept over the portal, built in about 1230, has lancet windows and a statue of Virgin, flanked by Saint Peter and Saint Lawrence. The chevet, or east end, probably also had a tower, and was flanked by two chapels. This switch was made under the influence of architects who worked on the Cathedral of Chartres. The cathedral has a rich history, dating back to the . Remains of the choir screen are displayed in the Muse de luvre Notre-Dame and in The Cloisters. The cathedral was eventually surpassed in height by the St. Nikolai Church in Hamburg, Germany. [30], Notre Dame of Strasbourg turned into a Temple of Reason during the French Revolution, Strasbourg cathedral in 1837 with an optical telegraph, Strasbourg and the cathedral in 1869 (photo by Charles David Winter[fr]), Following the outbreak of the French Revolution, on 2 November 1789, all church property was seized by the French state and was soon vandalised by the most ardent revolutionaries, the Enrags. Strasbourg Cathedral is a beautiful Gothic cathedral in the city of Strasbourg, France. Today, about 275,000 people live there (with around 780,000 in the metropolitan area ). Built entirely in the Middle Ages, Strasbourg Cathedral was the tallest building in the world for more than 200 years. The second wave of construction started in the 12th century, when the Gothic style of architecture had started to develop. Like the city of Strasbourg, the cathedral connects German and French cultural influences, while the eastern structures, e.g. Here are the best facts about Strasbourg Cathedral 1. Cathdrale Notre Dame de Strasbourg or Strasbourg Cathedral is the 6th tallest church in the world, built entirely in the medieval period. Christianity was first imposed in 313 by the Edict of Constantine. It is composed of an octagonal pillar surrounded by four engaged columns, which reach upwards to support the vaults, and four slender colonettes. The tracery and decoration of the interior are very much like of that exterior, with blind galleries and delicate parallel vertical lines, like the strings of a harp. [26][27][28], The octagonal north tower was the combined work of architects Ulrich Ensingen (shaft) and Johannes Hltz of Cologne (top). The central art work of the North Transept is a large statue of Christ on the cross, over a sculptural landscape depicting the Mount of Olives, crowded with carved figures in dramatic poses. It is the seat of the Archbishop of Strasbourg and one of the finest examples of Gothic architecture in Europe. From 1647 until 1874 it was the world's tallest building and today it is still the highest structure still standing that was built in the middle ages. LMENTS POUR UNE RPONSE", Les grandes dates de lhistoire de la Cathdrale de Strasbourg, "1439 1527: Strasbourg, loge suprme du Saint-Empire romain germanique", "Strasbourg Cathedral and the French Revolution (17891802)", "1906-1926: Consolidation des fondations du pilier de la tou", "CLBRATION DANS LA CATHDRALE DE NOTRE-DAME STRASBOURG HOMLIE DU PAPE JEAN-PAUL II Samedi, 8 octobre 1988", "Sculpture - Muse de l'uvre Notre-Dame", "L'histoire de la sculpture de saint Arbogast", "1399 1419: Construction de la haute tour", "Jubil du demi-millnaire de la flche de la cathdrale de Strasbourg. Construction began in 1015, and it was largely completed in 1432. Among the paintings, those worthy of mention are the "Assumption of the Virgin" and "Ascension of Christ", by Joseph Heim (1787-1865). I love my Sony A6000, which is light, compact and . The genuinely Romanesque chevet can only be seen from the courtyard of the adjacent complex of 18th-century buildings. 1500) by Nikolaus Hagenauer, probably from the former main altar of the cathedral, Parts of the original astronomical clock (Strasbourg Museum of Decorative Arts). The rose window, with a rayonnant Gothic design, is fourteen metres in diameter and was finished in 1345. The central decoration is sculptural work dedicated to the Virgin Mary donated by the de Barby brothers in 1521. The tower is one of the first to rely substantially on craftsmanship, with the final appearance being one with a high degree of linearity captured in stone. The nave and choir were composed of three vessels, each with two traverses. Strasbourg Cathedralor the Cathedral of Our Lady of Strasbourg(French: Cathdrale Notre-Dame de Strasbourg, or Cathdrale de Strasbourg, German: Liebfrauenmnster zu Straburgor Straburger Mnster), also known as Strasbourg Minster, is a cathedral. [83], Animated characters launch into movement at different hours of the day. The faade is supported and divided vertically by four narrow buttresses, each decorated with sculpture. Each pillar bundles sixteen smaller columns, of which five reach upward to support the vaults overhead. Strasbourg and Cologne Cathedral together represent some of the earliest uses of architectural drawing. The small circular windows above the Emperors depict scenes from the life of Christ.[73]. Other On the south side, the upper windows depict soldiers, popes, bishops, and other masculine figures. The Muse de l'uvre Notre-Dame, or Museum of the Work of Notre-Dame, is located in a medieval and Renaissance building not far from the cathedral, and displays a collection of some of the most delicate original works of sculpture and art from Cathedral, moved there to protect them from environmental damage. The crossing of the transept and the choir is topped by the central cupola or dome, which is supported by four gigantic pillars, each wrapped in eight columns, which reach up to support the vaults under the cupola. One of the architects was Erwin von Steinbach. The most amazing feature of the cathedral is its west faade, 9. With a height of 18 meters (59 feet), its one of the largest astrological clocks of its kind in the world! These include some of the original statues from the portals and faade dating from the 13th century, including the statues of "The Church" and "The Synagogue" from the portal of the south transept. Architect Erwin von Steinbach is credited for major contributions from 1277 to his death in 1318, and beyond through his son Johannes von Steinbach, and his grandson Gerlach von Steinbach, who succeeded him as chief architects. They were commissioned by Cardinal Richelieu for the Cathedral of Notre Dame de Paris, and were made to accompany a painting there, "The Vow of Louis XIII". The pilasters between the stairways are older, from 1015. A monument has been erected in his honor in a town nearby called Steinbach which is part of the town of Baden-Baden, about 30 kilometers (20 miles) to the northeast of Strasbourg. In 1518, a 'dancing plague' affected around 400 people in Strasbourg, Alsace (Now a city of France . The tympanum was destroyed in the French Revolution and replaced by a work by the sculptor Jean Vallastre[fr] (17651833). This mechanism displays the phases of the moon. [85], Statue of Virgin and a processional banner, in the Chapel of St. Andrew, The Chapel of Saint Andrew is on the southeast side, to the right of the apse. It is the third clock on that spot and dates from th. Above this is a globe, with painted figures of the Church and the Antichrist confronting each other. Several of the original Romanesque structures were torn down to make way for this revolutionary new architectural style. Under the balustrade is a large painting on wood illustrating the Nativity, in a sweeping landscape. Many of his writings have not ever been translated. Media in category "Strasbourg Cathedral organ" The following 102 files are in this category, out of 102 total. Today, the city is one of the most important cities in Europe as its home to several European institutions, including the European Parliament. [41][42], During World War II, the cathedral was seen as a symbol for both warring parties. Strasbourg Cathedral still holds a remarkable record, 7. "[36], The cathedral was not returned to church control until July 15, 1801, along with confiscated property that had not been destroyed. Church of St Peter the Young. The primary decorative element is the rose window, added between 1320 and 1340, and substantially restored since. It was rebuilt 1298, in 13241327, in 1384, 1430, and 1489 and finally in 1716 by Andr Silbermann. This faade has been credited to Erwin von Steinback and is considered to be an absolute masterpiece of the Gothic Era. It is the tallest building in the city and has been a World Heritage Site since 1988. The chapel contains the tomb of Bishop Conrad de Lichtenberg, made between 1310 and 1320, and now framed by flamboyant tripe arch. How tall is Strasbourg Cathedral? The walls are pierced with narrow slits, like a medieval fortress, giving it a very military appearance. The statue of the "Synagogue" is blindfolded, since Jews did not recognise the divinity of Christ. Construction of the Neo-Romanessque dome over the transept was begun, and new bronze doors were installed in 1879. In 1524, the city council assigned the cathedral to the Protestant faith, while the building suffered some damage from iconoclastic assaults. .The lower part of the massive base of the clock has statues of Apollo and the Goddess Diana presenting a circular calendar of the liturgical year, whose revolving face with a globe points to the dates of major religious festivals and events. The new plan was inspired in part by French cathedrals, particularly the Basilica of Saint-Urbain of Troyes. This is also true for Ecclesia and Synagoga, arguably the most famous statues of the cathedral, if not of Strasbourg. Parcours "The Cathedral of Strasbourg" Streetcar line: Ligne A, D-Arrt : Langstross Grand'Rue. This clock functioned until 1788, and can be seen today in the Strasbourg Museum of Decorative Arts. In 1988, the Strasbourg Cathedral was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List along with the historic centre of the city (called the "Grande le") because of its outstanding Gothic architecture. Only those Christian denominations that have bishops have cathedrals. Choir pipe organ, north side of the choir, Height of observation deck: 66m (217ft), Exterior height of central nave: 40m (130ft), Inside height of central nave: 32m (105ft), Inside width of central nave: 16m (52ft), Inside height of lateral naves: 19m (62ft), Exterior width of west faade: 51.5m (169ft), Diameter of west faade rose window: 13.6m (45ft). The new building, with its wooden roof beams, was unfortunately prone to fire; it suffered from fires in 1136, 1140,1150, and 1176. [8], The nave is dominated by the two rows of massive pillars. This is, however, nothing compared to the height of the spire, which reaches a total height of 142 meters (466 feet) above the ground. An even older bell, by Jean Jacques-Miller (1595), repeats the sounding of the hours one minute later. Outside, the facade is the greatest "book" of images the Middle Ages has to offer. [83], In 1547 a new clock was begun by Christian Herlin and others, but the construction was interrupted when the cathedral was handed over to the Roman Catholic Church. Interior of the Strasbourg cathedral De kathedraal van Straatsburg (Cathdrale Notre-Dame de Strasbourg, Strassburger Mnster) behoort tot de grootste en beroemdste kathedralen van Frankrijk. [8], Animated mechanical figure of Samson and a lion. The first traverses were made in what was known as the Lorraine style, with two levels of quadripartite windows, traversed by a narrow passageway. Bishop Heinrich von Hasenburg was the leading figure behind the start of the construction of the church and he had one goal, to make it more amazing than the newly finished cathedral of Basel. A round, Baroque sacristy of modest proportions was added north-east of the northern transept in 1744 by the city's chief architect Joseph Massol according to plans by Robert de Cotte and between 1772 and 1778 architect Jean-Laurent Goetz surrounded the cathedral by a gallery in early Gothic Revival style in order to reorganise the merchants' shops that used to settle around the building (and would do so until 1843). Let's find out the people who live in Strasbourg. Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for CDV Photo Cathedral Strasbourg France E Brion at the best online prices at eBay! Overview Download history Purchase history Invoices Boards SIGN OUT. 15 Fabulous Facts About Luxembourg Palace, A-Z Index - Art Timeline - Architecture Timeline - Contact - Terms - Privacy Policy - About Art Facts, 1. Different characters, representing the ages of life (from a child to an old man) parade in front of Death. It's easy to get to by train from other regions in France (I took a direct train from Paris) or by car if you are driving. It houses one of the biggest astronomical clocks in the world, 15. [67] It is surrounded and supported by four more slender towers containing circular stairways. History. The arched tympanum over the doors of the central portal is crowded with sculpture, as are the voussures, the stone arches around the door. Bengel, Sabine; Nohlen, Marie-Jos; Potier, Stphane: This page was last edited on 21 February 2023, at 19:21. Klotz's dome was in turn heavily damaged by bombing raids during World War II, and restored between 1988 and 1992. Strasbourg cathedral is an excellent example of gothic art, though the building also has Romanesque features dating back to before 1225 when there was a change of craftsmen. Johann Knauth, le sauveur de la cathdrale", "Les rcentes fouilles de Strasbourg (19471948), leurs rsultats pour la chronologie d'Argentorate", "Dcouverte majeure sous la cathdrale: un bassin antique serait la premire piscine baptismale de Strasbourg", "Des lgionnaires romains aux btisseurs de la cathdrale: la fouille de la place du Chteau Strasbourg", "1340 1371: Construction de la chapelle Sainte-Catherine et de la tour nord", "LA CATHDRALE DE STRASBOURG CATHDRALE FRANAISE? The history of Strasbourg's cathedral is well documented thanks to the archives of the Notre-Dame Foundation, the city of Strasbourg, and of the diocese. This embroidered cloth has a length of about 70 meters (230 feet) and a height of 50 centimeters (20 inches). Recent Boards {{ board.name }} {{ board.total_asset_count }} View all Boards View all Sets CREATE BOARD. Thanks to the installation of rib vaults, the nave was raised in height to 27 meters, and the upper walls were filled with stained glass windows. While previous faades were certainly drawn prior to construction, Strasbourg has one of the earliest faades whose construction is inconceivable without prior drawing. The meeting points between the columns and the vault ribs is decorated with vegetal sculpture. The city celebrated its 2,000th anniversary in October of the year 1988 because it was first mentioned as the Ancient Roman settlement of Argentoratum in the year 12 B.C. The Cathedral of Our Lady of Strasbourg is the landmark of the city and known in the whole world. Above this are blind arcades, an ornate cornice, and then a pointed roof with a pair of dormer or skylight windows, a small window above a large one, on each side, which brought light to the choir below. Cathedral. As with the other portals of the cathedral, most of the statues now to be seen in situ are copies, the originals having been moved to the Muse de luvre Notre-Dame.[32]. It replaces the original window which was one of the few windows not put into safe storage before World War II; it was destroyed by Allied bombing in 1944. Portal of Saint Lawrence (North transept). [70], The chevet, at the northeast end of the cathedral, close to the transept, has vestiges that go back to the Romanesque cathedral, particularly at the lower levels. After the annexation of the city by Louis XIV of France, on 30 September 1681, and a mass celebrated in the cathedral on 23 October 1681 in presence of the king and prince-bishop Franz Egon of Frstenberg,[33] the cathedral was returned to the Catholics and its inside redesigned according to the Catholic liturgy of the Counter-Reformation. The first version of the church was starting to be built during 1015 by proposal of Bishop Werner von Habsburg, but fire destroyed most of the original Romanesque building. The belltower is 142 m high. Other articles where Cathedral of Notre-Dame is discussed: Strasbourg: The contemporary city: Strasbourg's 11th-15th-century Cathedral of Notre-Dame, damaged in 1870 and again in World War II, has been carefully restored. [46] and stored in a salt mine near Heilbronn, Germany. The extension concerns the Neustadt, new town, designed and built under the German administration (1871-1918). In 1682, the choir screen (built in 1252) was broken out to expand the choir towards the nave. The visual effect of the faade is enhanced by its unusual darkish red stone. [36], A series of major reconstructions and restorations were carried out in the second of the century Gustave Klotz[fr] from 1837 to 1888. The cathedral has an observation deck that offers stunning views, French Revolution in the late 18th century, The Laughing Cavalier by Frans Hals Top 8 Facts, The Caf-Concert by douard Manet Top 8 Facts, Top 10 Famous Paintings at the Frans Hals Museum, 8 Historic Facts about the Szchenyi Chain Bridge. Strasbourg Cathedral While Goethe's poems on nature, romance, science and his great novel Faust have long been available to the English-speaking audience, his writings on art and literature, as in Essays, are less familiar. These are the best places for couples seeking sights & landmarks in Strasbourg: Cathedrale Notre Dame de Strasbourg; La Petite France; glise Saint-Pierre-le-Jeune; Barrage Vauban; Centre-ville de Strasbourg; See more sights & landmarks for couples in Strasbourg on Tripadvisor The pointed gable over the central portal, decorated with a sculpture of the Virgin Mary and child, reaches up into the space in front of the rose window. [75], The dog of the preacher Johann Geiler von Kaysersberg, on the steps, mourning his master, The pulpit, attached to the fourth pillar of the north side of the nave, was sculpted in 1485 following a design by Hans Hammer. A trick saved the cathedrals spire during the French Revolution, 13. It's the most. HayleesSilver From shop HayleesSilver. [53], The portal of Saint-Laurent, on the north transept, The three Kings with the Virgin Mary and child, Original statues in the Muse de l'uvre Notre-Dame, The portal of Saint Lawrence, was added to the north transept between 1495 and 1505 by Jacob von (or Jacques de) Landshut, with sculptures by Hans von Aachen (aka Johan von Ach, or Jean d'Aix-la-Chapelle) and Conrad Sifer. In addition to being one of the finest examples of high Gothic architecture remaining today, Strasbourg Cathedral has a fascinating history spanning hundreds of years. The northern transept is decorated with the Emperor Windows, also referred to as the Kaiserfenster.. They were purchased by the Chapter of Strasbourg Cathedral in 1739, and were an example of the importation of the French style of that period into Alsace. ABOUT Strasbourg Cathedral: discover the Gothic masterpiece! The Silbermann organ had three keyboards, thirty-nine jeux, or effects and two thousand, two hundred forty-two pipes. It was the tallest building of world for over 227 years. The level above displays a group of mechanical chariots, with allegorical figures representing the days of the week, which move daily to bring to the front the current day of the week. The transept of the cathedral was 55 meters long, the same length as the nave and choir. The currently visible, much higher crossing dome was designed in grand Romanesque Revival style by the architect Gustave Klotz, after the original dome had been heavily damaged by Prussian shelling during the Siege of Strasbourg. In the late Middle Ages, the city of Strasbourg had managed to liberate itself from the domination of the bishop and to rise to the status of Free Imperial City. [80], The north transept also contains the two baptismal fonts, one circular and one octagonal, in their own architectural settings, They were made by Jost Dotzinger in 1453. The architects of the rebuilding began to include Gothic elements, following the style that had appeared in northern France in the 12th century, while still preserving the existing Romanesque features. The 142 m high spire looks incredibly lightweight and made the Cathedral the highest edifice in all Christianity until the 19th century. Its the capital of the Grand Est region of France in the historic region of Alsace. This is crowned by the cross, which is surrounded by four smaller crosses and images of the host and chalice, elements of the liturgy of the Eucharist. The original statues were replaced by copies in the 20th century and are today kept in the Muse de l'uvre Notre-Dame. Marvel at the oldest Gothic cathedral of Europe with your local tour guide. When the Romans were driven out, the original structure was replaced by a temple dedicated to the Virgin Mary. [83] The present clock was built by Jean-Baptiste Schwilgu between 1837 and 1842.[83]. [84], Canon Conrad de Bussnang praying to Virgin and Child. [84], The stained glass window in the axis of the apse depicts the Virgin of Alscace. The Director of public works of Strasbourg, Grold, quickly took down and protected the statues of the portal, but 215 statues of the voussures over the portals were smashed with hammers, as were the angels atop the gables on the facade, and the crowns and sceptres of the statues of the kings. After trying several temporary measures, in 1915, during the First World War, he launched a large-scale project to replace the entire foundation of the cathedral with concrete. [72] Rays of yellow glass radiate outwards like a sun, surrounded mosaic-like pieces of green and blue and by small oculi with red floral designs. This is a real masterpiece of high Gothic. [82], Multiple faces of the clock -stars and hours, One face of the clock -signs of the zodiac, The astronomical clock, located in the south transept, is one of the most famous features of the cathedral. [54][55] It presents a virtual theater of late Gothic flamboyant architecture and decoration, including three interlocking arches over the doors, containing a statue of the Saint during his martyrdom. It was the highest building in the world from 1647 to 1874. [40], In 1903, the architect Johann Knauth discovered cracks on the first pillar of the northern side of the nave. The portal of the infancy of Christ (left) depicts angels, bishops and saints in the voussures, and figures representing the virtues, carrying spears, prod the figures representing the vices. Another two old bells by Mathieu Edel (1787) ring on the quarter hours. Fortunately for Strasbourg, the Romanesque church burnt down in 1176, and reconstruction dragged on sufficiently for the bishop to mostly use the newly . The portal outside the northern transept is equally fascinating, 10. The cathedral is illuminated by one of the most remarkable collections of stained-glassed windows in the world. Stavelot Triptych. It weighs 7.5 tons and 2.2 meters in diameter, and was cast in 1447 by Hans Gremp. An additional element of decoration is given by the small sculpted, painted, and gilded heads on the keystones of the vaults, where the ribs meet. By plane 15 minutes from Strasbourg Airport. [60], As with all the other portals, several of the statues have been replaced by copies in situ and are today displayed in the Muse de l'uvre Notre-Dame. the choir and south portal, still have very Romanesque features, with more emphasis placed on walls than on windows. [50], The restoration of the tower was completed in 2006, and in 2014 a new campaign of restoration was begun on the south transept. The narthex is the portion of the cathedral just inside the west front, beneath the tower. The rose windows of the west transept facade were made between 1230 and 1235, Above the rose are smaller round oculi from the same period, depicting Biblical symbols; the Alpha and Omega, the Candelabra of the Ancient Alliance, and others which combine floral and geometric designs. [35] Fragments can be seen in the Muse de luvre Notre-Dame. The window was a gift to the Cathedral in 1956 from the Council of Europe, which has headquarters in Strasbourg. The choir was given its multicolour painted decoration, by douard Steinl and Charles Auguste Steinheil, finished in 1879. [80], The north transept connects with the Chapel of Saint John, entered through a pointed Gothic arch containing a rounded Romanesque arch.
