Polyalkylene glycol (PAG) and polyalphaolefin (PAO) are two synthetic lubricant options for industrial applications. From then on, the company introduced 1-dodecene-based PAOs in 1995, which have grown steadily in popularity. 0000134768 00000 n PAOs also resist viscosity increases upon oxidation, which is important in sequence IIIE and VW T4 engine tests. The vast number of high-quality base oil choices can be confusing when balancing fuel efficiency and wear protection. 0000012542 00000 n Better heat transfer coefficients, increased lubricity and the basic chemical structure of PAOs all contribute to the lower temperature in the gearbox. <> One example is the advantage PAO has over mineral oil in the area of high-temperature stability. We have found that Synfluid metallocene polyalphaolefins (mPAOs) not only have low foaming characteristics, but they also exhibit rapid air release when compared to traditional high-viscosity PAOs. For instance, many producers have tailored production to Group II+ stocks at 118119 VI, just below the ambiguous Group III limit of 120VI. Polyalphaolefin is by far the most common major synthetic base oil used in industrial and automotive lubricants. You can see a medical doctor for your burn, but Dr. Ken Hope can help with your base oil and formulation challenges. Its estimated that over 100 million gallons of fluids leak from hydraulic machinery and other lubricant equipment in North America each year! This clearly shows that a PAO base oil substitution can significantly lower operating temperatures of the gear box and extend the required maintenance interval. Each lubricant type will be the best choice for different sets of use parameters, including: PAO-based lubricants may be preferred when the following lubricant attributes are targeted: PAG-based lubricants may be preferred when the following lubricant attributes are targeted: If end-users are in doubt about which lubricant would best suit their needs, it is recommended that an expert be contacted to assist with the decision-making process. Use this chart to help guide your component selection. The grease is then inspected for visual abnormalities and can be tested for penetration and four-ball wear change. Rotary screw compressor oils formulated with PAO offer performance benefits not obtainable with a mineral-oil-based formulation. The Ethylene price in the Europe region was dull throughout the third quarter of 2022, which abetted the declining price trend of PAO throughout Q3 in Europe. In order of volume used, they are: polyalphaolefins (PAOs), organic esters, and polyglycols. 0000033764 00000 n 0000002995 00000 n One reason for moving to low-viscosity oils is to focus on initial and long-term fuel economy. The use of mineral oil-based lubricants in the world, however, is decreasing. We look forward to helping you consolidate your grease cabinet! endobj 0000003107 00000 n This chart illustrates another benefit of using Synfluid PAOs at increased antioxidant treat rates. The latest news, content and events about our company, initiatives, markets and products. Give us a call. The information listed in parentheses is D-1418 nomencalture, common acronyms or common trade names. While viscosity improvers can enhance VI, they can break down over time, resulting in diminished performance. polyalphaolefin compatibility chart. The term synthetic hydrocarbon (SHC) is a general term. material chemical compatibility For example, the fraction that has predominantly the 1-decene trimer (C30 oligomer) has a 100C viscosity of 4 cSt and is known as PAO 4. Our team of experts answer the most frequently asked questions. xmp.did:F87F1174072068118083E936383AAE83 hb```b``nd`c``. Furthermore, these new formulations allow a range of ISO viscosity grades. Give us a call. Finally, due to their excellent response to antioxidants, Spectra-Syn Plus PAO can be formulated to resist thermal oxidative attack. All rights reserved. The reason a PAO is selected as a lubricant basestock is its ability to improve performance and solve problems. 9 0 obj <>stream These advantages show that PAOs address problems other fluids cannot. (2;2222;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;@@@@@;@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ " B <> If you would like us to test your formulation or have questions about our formulating experience, give us a call. Polyolefin. 0000140193 00000 n The PAOsare produced through synthesizing oligomers of either 1-decene or 1-dodecene. Synfluid PAOs have very narrow molecular weight ranges, which are attributed to our high-purity feedstocks. Its great to have the opportunity to talk about both. Please dont hesitate to reach out to us if you have any questions! They are also employed as base fluids in some wide temperature range greases. 2013-07-10T14:05:23-05:00 2014-03-26T09:12:59.004-05:00 Applications for PAO-based lubricants expanded to circulating and gear oils. 0000041967 00000 n Polyalphaolefin is by far the most common major synthetic base oil used in industrial and automotive lubricants. Compatibility for Base Oil Families Soluble in large fraction Weakly soluble Insoluble Varies with grade Solvent Compatibility for Base Oil Families Note 1: For cross reference to trade names, consult Modern Plastics Encyclopedia, '97, McGraw-Hill Company, New York, 1997. Meet additional regulations (fire-resistance, environmental acceptability). Weve got you covered! 0000033361 00000 n 0000018828 00000 n Understanding the advantages and disadvantages of each can help end-users decide which option is best for a given application. In the chart below, we highlight how moving from a decene-based Synfluid PAO 6 to an iso-viscous dodecene-based fluid (resulting from a blend of PAO 5 and PAO 7) leads to a dramatic increase in VI. 2014-03-26T09:16:41-05:00 Low-viscosity PAO fluids are used in automotive applications, such as engine oil and gear lubricants. Softening, loss of strength, or swelling may occur. Each 10C temperature rise can reduce oxidative stability by half. These properties translate into easier distribution of the grease and improved energy efficiency in the equipment. The relationship between antioxidants (A.O.) 0000001493 00000 n Our C10-based products, commercialized in the 1970s, were the first in the market. Our safety, technical and regulatory product information, as well as company and industry resources. Let us help you. The VI trend is only true for a family of base oils. 0000016208 00000 n Our unique PAO 2.5cSt further improves flash/fire points by as much as 10 percent over other commercial polyalphaolefins. The trend falls short when comparisons are made between PAOs and mineral oils, based solely on the VI. 178 0 obj Unlike other industrial basestocks, PAOs are generally classified by their kinematic viscosity at 100C. Absolutely! While typical hydraulic oils are not biodegradable, this new system achieves the ultimate biodegradation rating (ASTM D5864 PW1) and even improves several performance parameters, not previously attainable. However, nothing is perfect, and polyalphaolefin base oils do have a few negative characteristics. The chart below shows the Noack volatility for both 1-decene and 1-dodecene based PAOs of varying viscosities. 0000004079 00000 n Furthermore, thermal conductivity at 300F for PAO 6 is 0.085 compared to 0.071 Btuft/(hft2F) for an equiviscous mineral oil, which means that the PAO can conduct 20percent more heat than the mineral oil for better heat dissipation. As a result, the jump in the viscosity adversely effects the ability to pump at low temperatures. We offer a wide range of solutions essential to your products. Galvanized steel is susceptible to attack by some chemicals which may cause . As temperature increases, a higher VI fluid will give increased fluid film thickness, which could result in lower wear. PAO SYNTHETIC MATERIAL COMPATIBILITY CHART This table is aids in the selection of elastomers, plastics and paints for use in conjunction with PAO synthetic fluids. PAOs are uniquely suited to aviation hydraulics because of the inherently high flash/fire points and low volatility. This will increase the dependence on high-quality base oils such as PAOs. One application in which they have not worked well is in high-temperature (high-pressure) reciprocating air compressors where valve deposits have been an issue. H}vUwUw^MwS`y{vV|&s@@9H"61O}/oi~3}\y{)2| U:iY?_/}|(P^@m`kbu_?>sG-rj?~-r[?wp_2W,)!BkBkB*.]Y""ZBmSB&,zB}B+!B]}u}>gSSS Our safety, technical and regulatory product information, as well as company and industry resources. A drop-in replacement for petroleum, it's used in countless applications in many industries. Give us a call to discuss how Synfluid PAOs can withstand the pressure in your hydraulic applications. Note the differences between a VHVI mineral oil and Synfluid Polyalphaolefin (PAO) 5 in the Scanning Brookfield chart below. 2023 Access Intelligence, LLC - All Rights Reserved. 169 0 obj 0000055257 00000 n More specialized polyolefins include polyisobutylene and polymethylpentene. <> Polyglycols-40 to 125 C Chemical Compatibility Guide The combination of air and oil can often lead to foaming issues. The differences in flash, fire, volatility and viscosity highlight the flexibility benefits of using a Synfluid PAO. xmp.did:F87F1174072068118083E936383AAE83 Furthermore, we are able to achieve these properties with non-decene alpha olefin feedstocks while providing advantages over existing products and extending feedstock supply. There are other advantages, such as oxidative and thermal stability, which you would naturally expect from a PAO-based product. With many new base oils being introduced to the market, lubricant consistency can really be a challenge. It is true there are many high-quality base oils around, but the highest quality is still achieved when Synfluid PAOs are chosen. Working in conjunction with the Union Carbide Chemicals, Plastics Company Inc., and the Mellon Institute of Industrial Research, the USNRL developed the first water-glycol, PAG-thickened, fire-resistant hydraulic fluid (WGHF). The rotary bomb bench test is a strong predictor of how base oils will perform in many automotive and industrial applications. PAO-base oils help improve fuel economy in engine and drivetrain oils by reducing viscosity, volatility and traction coefficients as the chart below shows: These results show the potential for reducing friction loss using PAOs, which also typically have lower pressure-viscosity coefficients than mineral oils reducing elastohydrodynamic gear friction losses and energy consumption. 0000021835 00000 n endobj Synfluid PAO improves finished lubricant performance when formulated into biodegradable and biobased lubricants in low-temperature viscometrics and oxidative stability. The lower volatility decreases oil replacement costs by reducing oil consumption. Grease is a solid to semi-fluid lubricant, typically used for difficult to service equipment, such as bearings or suspension systems. Our sustainability strategy encompasses the concerns and issues identified by our stakeholders and we are committed to addressing these issues. Compatibility testing is generally carried out at high temperatures, simulating an accelerated life and poor or stressful conditions for the plastic and elastomer/rubber. PAO quality is unrivaled in the industry. Chemical Compatibility Guide 176 0 obj A polyolefin is a type of polymer with the general formula (CH 2 CHR) n where R is an alkyl group. <> Tiny bubbles these can cause major issues, such as shorter lubricant life, increased fluid compressibility, lower fluid viscosity and cavitation. For instance, Chemtool Incorporated utilizes Synfluid PAOs in greases, and they have been able to formulate their products to take specific advantage of Synfluid PAO properties, yielding improvements in low-temperature mobility and torque. PAO-based lubricants generally resist creep and water washout and offer good lubricity across a variety of substrate material pairings, including metal-to-metal and metal-to-plastic. Polypropylene Satisfactory to 120 F. 4. PAG- and PAO-based lubricants rarely compete in industrial applications. While one lot of Group IIIA mineral oil passed this battery of tests, it is quite different from the quality of the other Group III stocks. Polyalphaolefin Characteristics application/pdf Synthetic lubricants can be very different chemically and what defines those differences are the basestocks used as the basis for the lubricant. Temp. It is a synthetic hydrocarbon (SHC) that mimics the best hydrocarbon (branched) structure found in mineral oils. At that time, both fires on U.S. Navy ships and aircraft were occurring due to the use of mineral oil-based hydraulic fluids. More uniform in structure than conventional PAO basestocks, they provide similar advantages of high viscosity indices, excellent low-temperature fluidity, and shear stability but with additional thickening ability. Cant find what youre looking for? Satisfactory to 72 F. 3. Adding a PPD will reduce the pour point of a mineral oil, but it still will not achieve the performance of a PAO. Synfluid PAOs provide outstanding improvements in oxidation stability, volatility, water separability and viscometrics, greatly improving oil and hardware longevity. The vast number of high-quality base oil choices can be daunting when trying to balance fuel efficiency and wear protection. endobj endobj Aviation hydraulics require the use of PAOs because of the inherently high flash/fire points and low volatility. Fluids are typically subjected to various shear and temperature conditions. @0NI$$I)I$JRI$I$$I)I$JRI$'I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$L$I$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$IJI$RI$I%)ekvEJX'I$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJL'I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI2tI%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RI$I%)$IJI$RID4>))I$I$$I)I$JRI$I$$I)I$JRI$I$$I)I$JRI$I$$I)I$JRI$I$$I)I$JRI$I$$I)I$JRI$I$$I)I$JRI$I$$I)I$JRI$I$$I)I$JRI$I$$I)I$JRI$I$$I)I$JRI$I$$I)I$JRI$I$$I)I$JRI$I$$I)I$JRI$I$$I)I$JRI$I$$I)I$JRI$I$$I)I$JRI$I$$I)I$JRI$I$$I)I$JRI$I$$I)I$JRI$I$$I)I$JRI$I$$I)I$JRI$I$$I)I$JRI$I$$I)I$JRI$I$$I)I$JRI$I$$I)I$JRI$I$$I)I$JRI$I$$I)I$JRI$I$$I)I$JRI$I$$I)I*4V~u. Use of WGHFs increased tremendously due to the publication of the Luxembourg Report in 1961, outlining minimum standards for hydraulic fluid fire-resistance in European coal mines. Since PAO fluids are synthetic hydrocarbons, they are compatible with and often combined with mineral-based oils. 0000139372 00000 n Were a company with deep-rooted values, and were looking for people like you to join our team. MOLYKOTE. Their polymerization can benefit greatly from the development of highly active and highly selective catalysts, as the catalysts strongly affect their properties. Understanding this advantage is important for optimizing the performance of todays fluids and improving the life of equipment. 142 0 obj <>stream endobj Chevron Phillips Chemical offers two lines of PAOs. The chart below shows the trends in industry specifications regarding low-temperature performance relative to Synfluid PAO. Synthetic lubricants can meet these demands because they perform better than mineral oil-based lubricants in many or all the critical performance areas: reduced wear and friction, resistance to sludge formation, lower volatility, greater corrosion protection, and improved thermal and oxidative stability. PAG-based lubricants provide many property and performance advantages over mineral oil-based and other synthetic lubricants, as outlined in Table 2. trailer These synthetic hydrocarbons are designed to provide superior lubrication performance over a wider operating-temperature range than petroleum oils and typically are less volatile. 4 Chemicals PVC CPVC PP PVDF ABS. However, Synfluid PAOs can be formulated to be biodegradable and are well known for standing out from conventional base oils. PAOs help to balance the protection and energy conservation requirements in equipment because they are more Newtonian than mineral oils. California Transparency in Supply Chains Act Disclosure. 0000002388 00000 n endobj 0000017608 00000 n 0000139641 00000 n The uniquely beneficial quality of PAOs has been demonstrated in a series of European engine tests. 0000052609 00000 n 0000162144 00000 n Chevron Phillips Chemicals proprietary manufacturing process and monomer selection combine to produce the groundbreaking performance characteristics that our customers expect from Synfluid polyalphaolefins. The superior benefits of PAOs enable formulators to meet these challenges. Based on recent average gas prices, conserving just 1% to 2% of the U.S. fuel consumption per year would save $14 million per day. 0000001211 00000 n DuPont, the DuPont Oval Logo, and all trademarks and service marks denoted with , or are owned by affiliates of DuPont de Nemours, Inc. unless otherwise noted. 0000000549 00000 n In drivetrain lubricants, reducing the traction coefficient and lowering viscosity are key ways to increase fuel economy, but lower viscosity must be balanced to provide adequate wear resistance. So, whether used for gear or engine oils, PAOs provide more consistent properties and a level of purity not available from other base oil groups. 0000048689 00000 n guide for chemical uses To help you optimize your application, Chevron Phillips Chemical offers a wide variety of PAOs delivering oxidative and thermal stability advantages. Certainly! 4e739735ec50523ad929b6aac8340ae467185943 The chart below shows pressure coefficient comparisons between PAOs and Group III mineral oils versus pressure: Gear systems are specially designed and require highly specialized lubricants. With the powerful combination of MOLYKOTE. When you compound this with difficult operating conditions, such as extreme temperatures, high loads or extended operations, a high-quality base oil may be necessary. Remember, PAOs are carefully designed, not refined. There are multiple formulations behind the science of synthetic lubricants that can complicate making the right choice for any application. PAO-based greases are typically used at temperatures over 100C because of thermal and oxidative concerns. PAG basestocks are classified as a Group V oil, meaning a synthetic basestock that is not defined as a Group I, II, III, or IV base oil. Polyalphaolefins offer great high temperature properties and low volatility. Chevron Phillips Chemicals PAO history dates back to December 1980, when the continuous PAO unit at Cedar Bayou, Texas, started up with heritage Gulf Oil, which Chevron Chemical subsequently acquired in 1985. 102 0 obj Polyalphaolefins (PAO)-60 to 125 C Stable, lubricious fluids compatible with most plastics and elastomers. 11 0 obj <> endobj Synthetic basestocks, more so than in mineral oil basestocks, are the primary contributor to most of the basic properties of the lubricant, including oil or water solubility, low-temperature fluidity, lubrication, volatility, ignitability, and seal and paint compatibility. Effect of Base Oil Type on Gear Box Temperatures. There can be many benefits from choosing a high VI base fluid. <> Improved equipment efficiency and energy savings. 0000000776 00000 n The primary difference between these two products is pour point. PAO basestocks were developed in the 1930s and used commercially as a base for engine oils starting in the 1970s. <<264FCCC095A7AD46A42A03D56AD5B96C>]>> Synfluid PAOs are crafted from an on-purpose process that yields a consistent, high-quality product. xmp.id:B2FC01B10F2068118083E936383AAE83 0000027693 00000 n The chart below shows the exceptional fire point advantages of using a 1-dodecene based PAO. These synthetic hydrocarbons are designed to provide superior lubrication performance over a wider operating-temperature range than petroleum oils and typically are less volatile. Grade Name. Refined mineral oils often contain sulfurs, aromatics and other compounds that can erode the quality and consistency of a mineral oil. default For instance, a 100 percent aminic antioxidant package will yield the best performance in the Rbot test for PAO. PAO basestocks using conventional catalysts are commercially produced in five low-viscosity grades and two high-viscosity grades to a maximum viscosity of 100 centistokes (cSt) at 100C. Synfluid PAOs have helped you to meet industry specifications in the past. The benefit of a lubricant to the end user is an important question, and the behavior of a base oil is only one of many variables affecting the performance of a finished formulation. Due to constraints with the supply of 1-decene, the traditional feedstock for PAOs, producers have experimented with alternative feedstocks to meet demand. Initially, it was intended to fill the gap in supply and was found to be exceptionally suitable for applications where extremely low pour points were not necessary. Actions. Since this can be achieved without sacrificing hydrolytic stability, the finished lubricant will maintain superior properties over an extended period of time, resulting in less waste. More importantly, however, was product performance. The current trend toward lower viscosities, while providing for extended drain capabilities, does present an interesting challenge for base oils. Therefore, reducing the temperature is generally beneficial in extending the life of a lubricant. 0000001764 00000 n Chevron Phillips Chemical has been producing two families of PAOs for close to 25 years. Why does this happen? It is not reactive at room temperatures, except by strong oxidizing agents, and some solvents cause swelling. trailer 0000014966 00000 n To get a superior lubricant, you need to start with a superior base oil. We believe it can be understood by looking at the thermal conductivity and specific heat of the base oils. Because a certain level of biodegradability can be achieved without sacrificing PAOs key benefits, a finished lubricant based on a PAO/biobased blend will maintain superior properties over an extended period of time, resulting in less waste. Were here to help. It is possible to get added property benefits from C12-based Synfluid PAOs. endstream endobj 8 0 obj <>stream NLGI #2. / general guideline for pump material selection 0000010736 00000 n Since there are no other discernable compounds, Synfluid PAOs are more readily biodegradable and can be used for some food applications. 165 0 obj Adobe PDF Library 10.0.1 &&3#-j`t$f>3+Jo>9rTj!ft%lA+:k$BshQ(I"&sKH9~p0njga4Z#Sm!2Y-r+E)9]m%nFA}O3>Jo#iW/1Pxq5GJ1\/n.n_>$}RX\~7Zjqh=b$@t%W8zRu{@ BZfUq(_}I/0]J6AX8*sa}5b\$d`6."$? But what happens below 40C? Address specific system site conditions (potential for water ingression). Chevron Phillips Chemical has consistently said that we would bring something to the market when we could provide products that are unique and offer advantages to our customers. The price of Polyalphaolefin (PAO) has been steadily decreasing throughout the third quarter of 2022 on the back of the poor performance of the downstream automotive sector in the continent. In addition to these properties, weve also seen a significant reduction in the traction coefficient as compared to conventional high-viscosity PAOs. The qualitative chart below describes the impact of each grease component on certain performance characteristics: Clearly, the base oil dominates some grease properties, while the additives or thickener drives others. Chemical kinetics tell us that if you reduce the temperature, you will reduce the reaction rate. From left-to-right, Ken Hope, General PAO Technical Services Manager; EngSoon Ho, Asia PAO Sales Manager; Emanuele Quattrone, EMEA PAO Sales Manager; Katie Clark, Americas PAO Sales Manager. Sorry, you need to enable JavaScript to visit this website. 180 0 obj !DOaBADOaB&=&=U!z For other applications, PAOs safe and non-toxic nature allows them to be used where incidental food contact certification or kosher approval is necessary. As pressure increases, so too does the viscosity of the lubricant. Furthermore, the process is a simpler, more energy-efficient route for grease production. The viscosity at an extreme pressure (hp) changes exponentially with pressure (P) as described in the following formula: a is the pressure coefficient for a base oil. 4 0 obj <> endobj Because metalworking processes can generate heat, these properties give you an intrinsic safety margin over the more volatile oils that are typically used. In both cases, the reduction in volatility will translate to lower oil consumption and reduced engine varnish over the life of the oil. The relative availability of olefin monomer was certainly a consideration (i.e., 1-octene vs. 1-decene). Nine standard circulating fluids including d-Limonene, FC77 Flourinert, Galden, Lexol 408, Paratherm CR, Coolanol and PAO. mary berry grandchildren names . PAOs offer exceptionally low volatility due to their controlled formation, which yields carefully designed molecular weights. European specifications, as well as those in other regions, are expected to tighten. 175 0 obj Having a high viscosity index helps to protect an engine at temperature extremes.
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